Tale of Two Raids

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Read “A Tale of Two Raids” found on page 575 of the text and post your response to the following questions:

Is the current employment verification system imposed by the government a reasonable strategy to control illegal employment? Why or why not?
Did Swift & Company act wrongfully? Why or why not? Did the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) act properly, given the law that ICE has been charged by Congress to enforce? Why or why not?
What specific strategies would you recommend, if any, that Swift employs to attempt to change immigration and employment laws so they are more favorable to its business? Explain why.

Case study:

The raid by the Department of Homeland Security’s Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) personnel on six Swift & Company plants last week dominated the news. Four of the plants — Greeley, CO; Grand Island, NE; Cactus, TX and Hyrum, UT — are beef plants. The other two — Marshalltown, IA and Worthington, MN — are pork plants. ICE did not raid Swift’s pork plant at Louisville, KY.

Swift’s management is crying foul over the raids, claiming they violate agreements associated with its participation in the federal government’s Basic Pilot worker authorization program. These aren’t the first of these raids, nor likely will they be the last.

The packing industry runs on immigrant labor — nothing new about that. Upton Sinclair’s 1906 book, “The Jungle,” followed the trials of Lithuanian immigrant Jurgis Rudkus as he tried to embark on the American dream working in Chicago’s packing plants. Rudkus was an example of virtually the entire industry at the time, and Sinclair, an avowed socialist, used his plight to argue the benefits of socialism.

It’s been said Sinclair “aimed at Americans’ hearts” with his story, but ended up “hitting Americans’ stomachs” with his tales of woeful sanitary conditions in the stockyards districts’ meat plants. The book played a major role in the creation of federal meat inspection services.

The sector’s dependence on immigrant labor declined in the post-war years as the major packing companies fell under a Master Labor Contract that increased wages and benefits. The development of the commercial broiler industry and its low-cost products, and the entry of IBP into beef — followed by pork processing — put major economic pressure on the old-line packers with higher wage costs.

When those packers either went out of business or escaped the Master Contract, wages once again fell, and packinghouse jobs became unattractive to much of the U.S. workforce.

Enter, once again, immigrants — this time from Mexico, Central and South America, and Southeast Asia.

Last week, a reporter posed this question: “Why is this an ‘immigrant labor’ industry?”

The answer is two-fold. First, packing-plant work is difficult and often unpleasant. Killing and disassembling animals isn’t a very pretty enterprise and many Americans simply won’t do those jobs unless in dire straits.

While our economy hasn’t treated everyone extremely well, it’s still been good enough to provide job alternatives that don’t involve cold temperatures, knives, and blood. It’s safe to say packing-plant jobs are probably not on the current career plans of most U.S. high school students.

Second, while these are difficult, unpleasant, and low-paying jobs, relative to most U.S. jobs, they’re no more difficult and no more unpleasant — and higher-paying — relative to conditions in many immigrants’ home countries. I don’t offer that as a reason to exploit these workers — they should be paid the value of what they produce. I only offer it as a statement of fact that leads many immigrants to enter the packing-plant workforce. Some take great risks to do so.

The lesson of last week was both broad and specific. The broad lesson is we as a country have to make up our collective minds about how we will deal with illegal immigrants. It’s a tough question, but let’s hope some politicians. For more information on Tale of Two Raids on check on this: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Raid_2

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